A simple enough question? Have a closer look. David Wright, UKSIC Director, and e-safety expert John Carr discuss the importance of making ratings clear to keep children safe on apps.
Most people are familiar with age ratings for films. That’s not surprising. In the UK they have been with us in one form or another for over 100 years. Using very recognisable and prominent age symbols, they indicate the sort of content that will be found in the film, but in an easily digestible way. This helps parents make easy and informed choices about the sort of films they want their kids to watch. At the turn of this century and with the development of online and other forms of gaming technologies, age ratings were also introduced there for similar reasons.
Whilst the basis of the age ratings for films and games are similar in that the classifications assess the content against a range of characteristics, gaming classifications also indicate if the game has online capabilities and interactions.
Over the last 5 years, we have seen a mobile revolution. For example, Ofcom continues to highlight the astonishing increase in tablet ownership across the country, especially amongst children and young people (80% of 8-11-year-olds use a tablet device). Fuelling this expansion are ‘apps’. Apple reported that they received $3b in revenue from app and in-app purchases in December 2016 with 2.200,000 apps available on their Appstore, up from just 800 in 2008.
To help parents with the apps explosion both Apple and Microsoft introduced a number of features which enabled children to download and install an app only after their parents have approved it. Parents are therefore given an opportunity to review the suitability of the app by looking at its age rating before deciding whether to give it a green light.
All looking good so far? Let’s look still closer
Both Microsoft and Apple rate and indicate the suitability of the app using the same sort of characteristics used in films, e.g. nudity, profanity, violence and drugs. Apple uses its own age classification system whereas Microsoft, like Google (Android), uses the International Age Rating Coalition to rate their app content.
This would be fine if apps were the same as films and games but clearly, they are not. Many apps open up a world of communication and interactivity, but also data sharing and commerce.
Microsoft presents warning indicators and provides additional parental guidance information about the app, in particular, the sorts of data it captures and collects (eg location, webcam etc). Apple’s app ratings, however, say nothing about interactivity and app developers are simply not required to submit information to Apple about that dimension. Neither makes any reference to minimum age requirements set by the app or service itself.
Look at the case of Facebook. The site’s rules are clear. You have to be 13-year-olds to join. Microsoft presents a warning indicator telling whoever is looking that the app requires parental guidance; it has permission to use your location, webcam and microphone and it shares info, location and enables interaction. Astonishingly, in the Apple app store, Facebook is rated as 4+ and has no other warnings or indications.
There are numerous examples like this, especially apps that are supposedly ‘free’. Until Apple (in particular) resolve their app review process, parents should exercise extreme caution with age ratings and also carefully review the terms and conditions and privacy statements of any apps looking to see if they are suitable for their children. The same applies to a number of devices e.g. fitness trackers. To be at all useful they will require apps that could pick up and transmit a great deal of personal information and again include an interactive component.
If you’d like help choosing age-appropriate games, apps and more, Common Sense Media offer a broad range of reviews on the latest releases.
Visit siteAll you need to know about film classifications – BBFC film guidelines
Who are the International Age Rating Coalition
